1. Change in Meaning:
* Nouns: Suffixes can transform verbs, adjectives, or even other nouns into nouns.
* -er: "teach" becomes "teacher"
* -ment: "develop" becomes "development"
* -ness: "happy" becomes "happiness"
* Verbs: Suffixes can change nouns or adjectives into verbs.
* -ize: "modern" becomes "modernize"
* -ify: "beauty" becomes "beautify"
* -en: "weak" becomes "weaken"
* Adjectives: Suffixes can create adjectives from other words.
* -ful: "thank" becomes "thankful"
* -less: "hope" becomes "hopeless"
* -ish: "child" becomes "childish"
2. Change in Grammatical Function:
* Nouns: Suffixes can create nouns that function differently.
* -ing: "walk" becomes "walking" (a gerund, a noun form of a verb)
* -hood: "child" becomes "childhood" (a noun referring to a state or period)
* Adjectives: Suffixes can modify the degree of an adjective.
* -est: "big" becomes "biggest" (superlative)
* -er: "big" becomes "bigger" (comparative)
3. Other Effects:
* Change in pronunciation: Suffixes can affect the pronunciation of the word.
* "hope" becomes "hopeless" (the 'e' is silent in the original word but pronounced in the new one)
* Change in spelling: Some suffixes require adjustments to the base word's spelling.
* "try" becomes "trying" (the 'y' changes to 'i')
Examples:
* "Beautiful" is created by adding the suffix "-ful" to the noun "beauty." This changes the word's grammatical function to an adjective.
* "Quickly" is created by adding the suffix "-ly" to the adjective "quick," turning it into an adverb.
* "Worker" is created by adding the suffix "-er" to the verb "work," transforming it into a noun.
Overall, suffixes are powerful tools that allow us to expand our vocabulary, create new words, and express ourselves more precisely.