It's often used in the context of something happening to someone, either good or bad.
Here are some examples:
* "¿Cómo te fue en el examen?" - "How did it go for you on the exam?"
* "Me fue mal en el trabajo hoy." - "It went badly for me at work today."
* "Te fue bien en la entrevista." - "It went well for you at the interview."
It's important to note that the direct translation of "te fue" can be a bit awkward in English. The meaning is more about the outcome of an event for someone.