For describing the event itself:
* Warm phase of the ENSO cycle: This is the most accurate and technically correct way to refer to it.
* ENSO warm phase: This is a slightly shorter version of the previous option.
* Pacific warm episode: This emphasizes the geographical area affected.
* El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) warm phase: This provides the full context of the phenomenon.
For describing the effects:
* Pacific Ocean warming: This focuses on the oceanographic aspect.
* Climate anomaly: This describes the overall effect on weather patterns.
* Drought: This applies to specific areas experiencing drought due to El Niño.
* Flooding: This applies to specific areas experiencing floods due to El Niño.
For describing the opposite event:
* La Niña: This refers to the cooling phase of the ENSO cycle.
It's important to choose the synonym that best fits the specific context and your intended meaning.