General:
* Rendering
* Interpretation
* Version
* Paraphrase
* Rewording
* Transcription (for spoken language)
* Conversion
More specific:
* Localization (for adapting content to a specific locale)
* Transliteration (for converting text from one writing system to another)
* Dubbing (for replacing the audio of a film or television program with a different language)
* Subtitling (for providing text translations below the video)
* Simultaneous interpretation (for translating spoken language in real time)
The best synonym for "translation" depends on the specific situation.