For missing someone:
* Manquer: This is the most common word for missing someone. It's used for both physical and emotional absence.
* "Je te manque." (I miss you.)
* "Il manque à sa famille." (He misses his family.)
For missing an opportunity or event:
* Rater: This word means "to miss" in the sense of failing to do something or achieve something.
* "J'ai raté le bus." (I missed the bus.)
* "Il a raté son examen." (He failed his exam.)
For missing a target or goal:
* Manquer: This is also used for missing a target.
* "Il a manqué sa cible." (He missed his target.)
* Echouer: This word means "to fail" or "to miss the mark."
* "Le projet a échoué." (The project failed.)
For missing something that was expected:
* Manquer: This word can also be used for things that were expected but didn't happen.
* "Il manque un bouton sur ma chemise." (There's a button missing from my shirt.)
So, the best way to translate "missed" in French is to consider the context and choose the most appropriate word.