The Green Revolution refers to a period of rapid agricultural development that occurred in India and other developing countries starting in the 1960s. It was characterized by:
* High-yielding varieties (HYVs) of crops: Scientists developed wheat and rice varieties that produced significantly more grain per acre than traditional varieties.
* Increased use of fertilizers and pesticides: These inputs helped to increase crop yields.
* Improved irrigation systems: This made it possible to grow crops in areas that were previously too dry.
* Modern agricultural practices: New techniques, such as mechanization and crop rotation, were introduced.
Impact of Harit Kranti:
The Green Revolution had a profound impact on India:
* Increased food production: India went from being a food-deficit country to a food-surplus country. This helped to prevent famines and improve food security.
* Economic growth: Increased agricultural productivity contributed to economic growth and development.
* Improved livelihoods: Farmers benefited from higher incomes.
* Population growth: The Green Revolution helped to support a rapidly growing population.
Criticisms of Harit Kranti:
However, the Green Revolution also had some negative consequences:
* Environmental degradation: The increased use of fertilizers and pesticides led to soil and water pollution.
* Dependence on technology: Farmers became increasingly dependent on expensive inputs, which made them vulnerable to price fluctuations.
* Social inequality: Some farmers benefited more than others, leading to social disparities.
Despite its flaws, the Green Revolution remains a significant event in Indian history. It helped to transform India's agricultural landscape and contributed to the country's economic progress.