What is the etymology of word tribulation?

The word "tribulation" has its roots in the Latin word "tribulatio", which means "affliction", "distress", or "trouble". This word itself comes from the verb "tribulāre", which means "to thresh" or "to crush", referring to the process of separating grain from its husk.

This connection between "tribulatio" and the act of threshing suggests the idea of being "pressed", "oppressed", or "ground down" by hardship or adversity. This is how the meaning of the word transitioned from the literal act of threshing to the metaphorical experience of being "tested" or "afflicted".

Here's a breakdown of the etymology:

* "tribulatio" (Latin): meaning "affliction", "distress", or "trouble"

* "tribulāre" (Latin): meaning "to thresh" or "to crush"

* "tribulum" (Latin): meaning "threshing instrument"

Therefore, the word "tribulation" carries with it the image of something being "ground down", "crushed", or "tested" by adversity. This metaphorical meaning has remained consistent throughout the history of the word, and it is still used today to refer to periods of great hardship or suffering.