General terms:
* Forum: This is the most common and accurate term for the central marketplace and public space in Roman cities. It encompassed a variety of functions beyond just commerce.
* Agora: This term is specifically used for the central marketplace of a Greek city. While not directly synonymous, it shares similar characteristics with the Roman forum.
* Market: This is a general term that can refer to any place where goods are bought and sold, including Roman marketplaces.
Specific aspects:
* Macellum: This term refers to a specific type of building within a Roman forum dedicated to selling meat, fish, and other perishable goods.
* Tabernae: These were shops or stalls lining the streets of Roman cities, often within the forum, where various goods were sold.
* Basilica: This is a large, covered building in a Roman forum used for commercial activities, legal proceedings, and public gatherings.
Ultimately, the best word depends on the specific context and the aspect you want to highlight.