1. Symbolism: This is the most common and general term. Nature can be used as a symbol to represent the emotional or psychological state of characters or the overall themes of the play.
2. Pathetic Fallacy: This literary device uses nature to reflect the emotions and feelings of characters, often in a way that is personified or anthropomorphized.
3. Nature as a Mirror: This is a more descriptive term that emphasizes how nature can act as a reflection of the internal world of the characters or the broader society portrayed in the play.
4. Environmental Setting: This term focuses on the physical environment as a character itself, contributing to the atmosphere and mood of the play. Nature might be used to create a sense of foreboding, tranquility, or even chaos, reflecting the state of the characters and events.
5. Naturalism: This literary movement emphasizes the influence of nature on human behavior. Plays that employ naturalism often depict a stark and realistic portrayal of nature's role in shaping characters and events.
Example:
* In Shakespeare's "Macbeth," the stormy weather during the play can be interpreted as a symbol of the growing darkness and chaos in the characters' hearts and minds. This could be considered an example of both pathetic fallacy and symbolism.
Ultimately, the specific term you choose will depend on the specific details of the play and how nature is used to reflect the state of affairs.