What is another word for etiology?

There isn't a single perfect synonym for "etiology," as it has a specific meaning related to the cause or origin of something, especially a disease or disorder.

However, depending on the context, some suitable alternatives could be:

* Causation: This word focuses on the act of causing something.

* Origin: This emphasizes the starting point or beginning of something.

* Cause: This is a general term for something that produces a result.

* Pathogenesis: This is specifically used for the development of a disease.

* Aetiology: This is a more archaic spelling of etiology, but still commonly used in some contexts.

* Underlying factors: This refers to the contributing causes that led to something.

The best alternative will depend on the specific context and the nuance you are trying to convey.