Here's a breakdown:
* Independent clause: A complete thought that can stand alone as a sentence. It has a subject and a verb.
* Dependent clause: A group of words that contains a subject and a verb, but cannot stand alone as a sentence. It depends on the independent clause for its meaning.
Key characteristics of complex sentences:
* Subordinating conjunctions: These words connect the dependent clause to the independent clause. Examples include "because," "although," "since," "while," "if," "when," etc.
* Relative pronouns: These pronouns introduce dependent clauses and refer back to a noun in the independent clause. Examples include "who," "whom," "whose," "which," "that."
Examples of complex sentences:
* "Because it was raining, we stayed inside."
* Independent clause: "We stayed inside."
* Dependent clause: "Because it was raining" (connected by the subordinating conjunction "because").
* "The dog, who is very friendly, barked at the mailman."
* Independent clause: "The dog barked at the mailman."
* Dependent clause: "who is very friendly" (introduced by the relative pronoun "who").
Why are complex sentences important?
* Sophistication: They allow you to express more complex ideas and relationships.
* Clarity: They can help you clarify the connections between different parts of your thought.
* Variety: They add variety to your writing, preventing it from becoming monotonous.
Let me know if you want to explore other types of sentences or have any more questions about complex sentences!