General:
* Gained
* Obtained
* Earned
* Secured
* Attained
* Possessed
* Learned
* Developed
* Cultivated
More specific:
* For knowledge or skills: Learned, mastered, developed, honed
* For possessions: Purchased, inherited, received, gifted
* For a condition or disease: Contracted, developed, suffered from
* For a reputation: Earned, built, established
Informal:
* Got
* Picked up
* Snagged
The best synonym for "acquired" will depend on the specific context in which you're using it.