Numbers:
* One: Eka (Sanskrit)
* Two: Dva (Sanskrit)
* Three: Tri (Sanskrit)
* Four: Chatur (Sanskrit)
* Five: Pancha (Sanskrit)
Days of the Week:
* Monday: Somvāra (Sanskrit) - derived from "Soma," the lunar deity.
* Tuesday: Mangalavāra (Sanskrit) - derived from "Mangala," the god of war.
* Wednesday: Budhavāra (Sanskrit) - derived from "Budha," the planet Mercury and the god of knowledge.
* Thursday: Brihaspativāra (Sanskrit) - derived from "Brihaspati," the planet Jupiter and the god of wisdom.
* Friday: Śukravāra (Sanskrit) - derived from "Śukra," the planet Venus and the god of beauty.
* Saturday: Śanivāra (Sanskrit) - derived from "Shani," the planet Saturn and the god of justice.
Other Examples:
* Yoga: Yoga (Sanskrit)
* Karma: Karma (Sanskrit)
* Nirvana: Nirvana (Sanskrit)
* Guru: Guru (Sanskrit)
* Mantras: Mantras (Sanskrit)
* Aum: Om (Sanskrit)
It's important to note that these words may have slightly different pronunciations and meanings in English and Sanskrit. For instance, "yoga" in English refers to a system of physical and mental exercises, while "yoga" in Sanskrit has a broader meaning that includes union or connection.
Further Considerations:
* Borrowing: English has borrowed many words from other languages, including Sanskrit. These words may be adapted to English grammar and pronunciation, leading to subtle differences.
* Evolution of Language: Both English and Sanskrit have evolved significantly over time, resulting in changes in pronunciation, spelling, and meaning.
Therefore, while there aren't exact word matches, recognizing cognates can provide insights into the linguistic connections between languages and the history of words.