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How do you use past participle without using be verbs?

Here are ways to use past participles without "be" verbs:

1. With "have" for perfect tenses:

* Present Perfect: I have eaten breakfast.

* Past Perfect: They had finished their work.

* Future Perfect: We will have completed the project by tomorrow.

2. As adjectives:

* The broken vase lay on the floor.

* He had a tired look on his face.

* The stolen painting was recovered.

3. With "get" and "become" for passive voice:

* The book got published last year. (instead of "was published")

* He became known for his talent. (instead of "was known")

4. In phrasal verbs:

* I picked up the phone. (picked = past participle)

* They gave up trying. (given = past participle)

5. With "to be" for passive voice in certain contexts:

* To be seen is to be believed. (This is a common idiom where "to be" is used with a past participle to form a passive voice).

Examples:

* The letter written by John was very heartfelt. (written = past participle used as adjective)

* The game played yesterday was exciting. (played = past participle used as adjective)

* They had been informed of the changes. (had been informed = past participle used in past perfect tense)

Remember: Past participles are used in various grammatical structures, and their use is influenced by the context and tense of the sentence.

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