* British Colonization: Nigeria was a British colony from the late 19th century until independence in 1960. During this time, the British established English as the official language of administration, education, and commerce.
* Language of Power and Prestige: Even after independence, English retained its status as the language of government, law, education, and business in Nigeria. This is because:
* It was the language used by the colonial administration, making it the language of power and authority.
* It provided access to international communication and resources.
* It was seen as a symbol of modernity and sophistication.
* Linguistic Diversity: Nigeria has over 500 indigenous languages, making it a very diverse country. English provided a common language for communication across these diverse groups.
While English remains an important language in Nigeria, it is important to note that:
* Indigenous languages are still spoken widely: Many Nigerians are fluent in their native languages, and these languages remain important for cultural identity and local communication.
* Pidgin English: A unique form of English, known as "Pidgin English," has developed in Nigeria, which combines elements of English and local languages. It's widely spoken in everyday life, especially among younger generations.
In summary, English is a second language in Nigeria due to its colonial past and its subsequent role as a language of power, prestige, and communication in a diverse nation.