Here's a breakdown of common prewriting techniques and their purposes:
1. Brainstorming:
- Purpose: Generating ideas quickly and without judgment.
- Methods: Freewriting, listing, mind mapping, clustering.
2. Freewriting:
- Purpose: Exploring ideas in a continuous stream of writing.
- Method: Writing without stopping for a set period of time, not worrying about grammar or spelling.
3. Outlining:
- Purpose: Structuring your ideas logically and hierarchically.
- Methods: Roman numeral, alphanumeric, decimal, indented outlines.
4. Questioning:
- Purpose: Exploring your topic from different angles by asking questions.
- Methods: Asking "who," "what," "when," "where," "why," and "how" questions.
5. Clustering (or webbing):
- Purpose: Visually organizing ideas and connections.
- Method: Creating a central idea and branching out to related concepts.
6. Reading and Research:
- Purpose: Gathering information to support your ideas.
- Methods: Consulting books, articles, websites, interviews.
7. Journaling:
- Purpose: Reflecting on your thoughts and experiences to discover ideas.
- Method: Keeping a regular journal or diary to record observations and reflections.
You can choose which techniques best suit your needs and writing style. The prewriting process is flexible and can be tailored to your specific topic and writing goal.
Therefore, rather than "first phrase" and "second phrase," it's more accurate to think about specific prewriting techniques and their order within your own writing process.