* What is said refers to the literal words spoken or written, the explicit content. It's the objective meaning that can be understood by anyone who hears or reads it.
* What is meant goes beyond the literal meaning and encompasses the speaker's intentions, feelings, and context. It's the subjective meaning that can be inferred or understood based on the situation, tone, and nonverbal cues.
Here's a breakdown:
Said: "It's a nice day."
Meant: "I'd like to go for a walk."
Said: "I'm fine."
Meant: "I'm actually upset, but I don't want to talk about it."
Said: "This cake is delicious."
Meant: "I'm trying to be polite, but I don't really like it."
Factors influencing implied meaning:
* Tone of voice: Sarcasm, excitement, boredom, etc.
* Body language: Facial expressions, gestures, posture.
* Context: The situation, the relationship between speaker and listener, and cultural norms.
* Previous interactions: Shared history and understanding.
The gap between said and meant can lead to misunderstandings, especially when:
* There is a lack of trust or clear communication.
* Cultural differences exist.
* The speaker is intentionally being ambiguous.
Understanding the difference between what is said and what is meant is crucial for effective communication. It helps us to:
* Interpret messages accurately.
* Avoid misunderstandings and conflicts.
* Build stronger relationships.
In summary, what is said is the explicit message, while what is meant is the implicit meaning. Understanding the difference is essential for effective communication and avoiding misunderstandings.