1. Context Clues:
* Definition: The author might directly define the word in the sentence or paragraph. Look for words like "is," "means," "refers to," or "is called."
* Restatement: The author might rephrase the word in a different way.
* Example: The author might give an example that helps illustrate the word's meaning.
* Synonyms: The author might use a synonym that is more familiar.
* Antonyms: The author might use an antonym, which helps you understand the opposite of the word and thus, its meaning.
2. Word Parts:
* Prefixes: Examine the beginning of the word for common prefixes (e.g., "pre-", "un-", "re-").
* Suffixes: Look at the end of the word for common suffixes (e.g., "-ing," "-er," "-ly").
* Roots: Identify the base word or root (e.g., "graph" in "biography").
* Word Formation: Understanding how words are put together can help you decipher their meaning (e.g., "supernatural" is made up of "super" and "natural").
3. Dictionary and Thesaurus:
* Dictionary: This is the most reliable resource for finding definitions.
* Thesaurus: A thesaurus can help you find synonyms and antonyms, which can help you understand the context of the unfamiliar word.
4. Online Resources:
* Google Search: Search for the word and its definition. Many online dictionaries and resources will appear.
* Online Etymology Dictionary: This website can help you understand the history and origin of a word, which can sometimes provide clues to its meaning.
5. Contextual Clues and Inference:
* Sentence Structure: Look for grammatical cues (e.g., a word used as a noun, verb, adjective, etc.).
* Word Relationships: Consider how the unfamiliar word relates to other words in the sentence or paragraph.
* Logical Reasoning: Use your knowledge of the topic and the overall context to make an educated guess about the word's meaning.
Tips:
* Don't be afraid to ask for help: If you're truly stumped, ask a teacher, friend, or family member for assistance.
* Keep a vocabulary notebook: Write down new words you encounter and their definitions, along with example sentences.
Remember: The best strategy for determining the meaning of an unfamiliar word depends on the specific context and the word itself. Using a combination of these techniques will increase your success.