Here's a brief overview of the major changes:
* Old English (449-1066): This is the language of the Anglo-Saxons, with Germanic roots. It's quite different from Modern English, with a simpler grammar and vocabulary. Think of words like "steorra" (star) and "hreowan" (to regret).
* Middle English (1066-1485): After the Norman Conquest, French words entered the language, creating a mix that was both Germanic and Romance. This led to a period of linguistic change, with new sounds, grammar, and vocabulary. Think of words like "castle" and "government" which came from French.
* Early Modern English (1485-1800): This period saw further changes, including the printing press which standardized spelling and grammar. The Great Vowel Shift, a change in pronunciation, also occurred.
* Modern English (1800-present): The language continues to evolve, influenced by new technologies, globalization, and the internet. This period is characterized by the influx of new words and the adoption of slang.
Therefore, the English language has undergone a continuous process of change and development. Modern English is a product of many influences, and it continues to evolve even today.