1. Shaping the Narrative:
* Perspective: The narrator, Mama, is a rural African American woman, and her voice is grounded in her experiences and values. This shapes the reader's understanding of the story. We see Maggie through Mama's eyes as "a timid little thing" and Dee (Wangero) as "proud and high-spirited."
* Filter: Mama's perspective filters the story's events, revealing her thoughts and emotions. We understand her feelings of love for Maggie, her frustration with Dee, and her desire for her daughters to honor their heritage.
* Interpretation: Mama interprets Dee's actions, labeling them "a kind of me-and-my-husband-are-superior-to-you-all" attitude. This adds a layer of judgment and conflict to the story.
2. Highlighting Themes:
* Family Dynamics: The narrator's voice highlights the complex and often unspoken dynamics within the family. The story explores the tensions between generations, the search for identity, and the conflicting values between Mama and Dee.
* Cultural Heritage: Mama is deeply connected to her African American heritage, finding meaning in everyday objects like quilts and stories. Her voice emphasizes the importance of respecting tradition and finding ways to connect to one's roots.
* Materialism vs. Authenticity: Mama is critical of Dee's appropriation of their heritage for materialistic purposes. The narrator's voice exposes Dee's superficial understanding of their past, contrasting it with Mama's deeper connection to their roots.
3. Creating Ambiguity and Conflict:
* Subjective Truth: Mama's narrative is not entirely objective. Her feelings towards Dee color her perceptions, and her interpretation of events can be debated. This creates a sense of ambiguity about the truth of the story.
* Internal Conflict: Mama struggles with her own emotions and desires. She wants Dee's approval but also wants her to accept her heritage authentically. This internal conflict fuels the story's tension.
In Conclusion:
The narrator in "Everyday Use" is more than a storyteller. She is a character with her own perspective, values, and experiences. Her voice shapes the reader's understanding of the story, highlighting its themes, conflicts, and ambiguities. The story's impact is deeply rooted in the voice of this complex and insightful narrator.