* Kabaliwan: This is the most common and general term for madness. It refers to a state of mental derangement or insanity.
* Katangahan: This refers to foolishness or stupidity, which can sometimes be seen as a form of madness.
* Kasipagan: This translates to "insanity" in the sense of a reckless or impulsive behavior, often driven by strong emotions.
* Pagkabaliw: This is a more formal and literary term for madness, often used in literature and poetry.
Example:
* "Siya ay nagkabaliw dahil sa pagkamatay ng kanyang asawa." (He went mad after the death of his wife.)
* "Ang katangahan niya ang nagdala sa kanya sa kapahamakan." (His foolishness led him to ruin.)
* "Nagpakita siya ng kasipagan sa pakikipaglaban." (He showed reckless courage in battle.)
The best Tagalog word for "madness" will depend on the specific context and the intended meaning.