1. Structure:
* Chronological: Events unfold in the order they happened.
* Non-chronological: Events are presented out of order, often using flashbacks, flash-forwards, or fragmented timelines.
* Linear: The story progresses in a straight line, with a clear beginning, middle, and end.
* Non-linear: The story jumps around in time, perspective, or location.
* Episodic: The story is made up of a series of distinct episodes or chapters, often with recurring characters or themes.
* Circular: The story begins and ends in the same place, often with a sense of closure.
2. Perspective:
* First-person: The story is told from the viewpoint of a character within the story, using "I" or "we."
* Second-person: The story is told directly to the reader, using "you."
* Third-person: The story is told from an outside perspective, using "he," "she," or "they."
* Omniscient: The narrator knows everything about the characters and events, including their thoughts and feelings.
* Limited omniscient: The narrator knows the thoughts and feelings of only one or a few characters.
3. Voice:
* Formal: The narrator uses elevated language and complex sentence structures.
* Informal: The narrator uses casual language and simpler sentence structures.
* Subjective: The narrator's personal opinions and biases are evident.
* Objective: The narrator presents the events in a neutral and unbiased way.
4. Devices:
* Dialogue: Conversations between characters, revealing character and plot.
* Description: Vivid descriptions of characters, setting, and atmosphere.
* Exposition: Information about the story's background, characters, and setting.
* Conflict: The central struggle or tension that drives the story forward.
* Resolution: The outcome of the story, providing closure and meaning.
5. Genre:
* Fiction: Imaginary stories with made-up characters and events.
* Nonfiction: Factual stories based on real events.
* Poetry: Written in verse, using figurative language and rhythm.
* Drama: Written to be performed on stage.
The choice of narrative form affects the reader's experience. By understanding the different elements that make up a narrative form, you can better appreciate the author's choices and the story's overall impact.