1. Essentialism: This philosophy emphasizes that objects and people have inherent, unchanging essences that determine their nature. Existentialism, on the other hand, focuses on the individual's freedom and responsibility to define their own essence through choices and actions.
2. Determinism: This view argues that all events, including human actions, are predetermined and inevitable. Existentialism rejects this, stressing individual freedom and the capacity to choose and shape one's own destiny.
3. Objectivism: This philosophy holds that objective truth and values exist independently of individual perception. Existentialism often leans toward subjectivity, emphasizing the individual's perspective and experience in shaping meaning.
4. Absurdism: While often associated with existentialism, absurdism emphasizes the inherent meaninglessness of the universe and the futility of seeking meaning. Existentialism, while acknowledging the absurdity of existence, encourages individuals to create meaning through their choices.
5. Religious Fundamentalism: This ideology emphasizes a rigid adherence to a set of doctrines and teachings, often claiming absolute truth. Existentialism, with its focus on individual freedom and subjective experience, often clashes with rigid religious dogma.
Ultimately, the "opposite" of existentialism depends on which aspect you are focusing on. It's important to remember that these are just some potential contrasting viewpoints, and many other philosophical stances could be considered as opposing existentialism in different ways.