For the gemstone:
* Gem: This is a general term for any precious stone.
* Jewel: Similar to "gem," this refers to a precious stone, often used in jewelry.
* Brilliant: This emphasizes the sparkle and brilliance of a diamond.
* Adamant: This word conveys the diamond's hardness and durability.
* Carbonado: This refers to a specific type of very hard diamond.
For other meanings of "diamond:
* Shape: If "diamond" refers to the shape, "rhombus" or "lozenge" can be used.
* Playing card: For the card suit, "spade" is the synonym.
* Baseball: In baseball, "diamond" can refer to the infield. Here, "field" or "infield" are synonyms.
To give you the best synonym, please tell me what context you are using the word "diamond" in.