General alternatives:
* Meaningful unit: This is a very broad term that could be applied to morphemes, but also to other linguistic units like syllables or words.
* Building block of language: This highlights the role of morphemes in creating complex words and phrases.
* Meaningful element: Similar to "meaningful unit" but emphasizes the semantic aspect.
Alternatives specific to certain types of morphemes:
* Root: For the base morpheme of a word, like "write" in "rewrite".
* Prefix: For morphemes that precede the base, like "re" in "rewrite".
* Suffix: For morphemes that follow the base, like "-ing" in "writing".
* Affix: A general term for prefixes and suffixes.
It's important to remember that these alternatives might not always capture the full meaning of "morpheme" and might be more appropriate in specific situations.
For example, if you're explaining the concept of morphemes to someone who is unfamiliar with the term, you might use "meaningful unit" or "building block of language." But if you're discussing the specific types of morphemes, then "root," "prefix," and "suffix" would be more precise.