Formal:
* Addressing: This emphasizes the act of speaking to a group.
* Discourse: This implies a more intellectual and formal presentation.
* Expounding: This suggests a detailed explanation.
* Instructing: This highlights the imparting of knowledge.
* Presenting: This is a neutral term, suitable for various situations.
* Teaching: This focuses on the act of transferring knowledge.
* Delivering a speech: This emphasizes the formal nature of the communication.
Informal:
* Telling off: This implies criticism or scolding.
* Preaching: This suggests giving moral advice.
* Haranguing: This emphasizes a long and forceful speech.
* Ranting: This suggests an emotional and passionate speech.
* Giving a dressing down: Similar to "telling off," this implies reprimand.
* Scolding: This is a less formal synonym for "telling off."
Other:
* Explaining: This focuses on providing clarification.
* Criticizing: This suggests pointing out flaws.
* Analyzing: This emphasizes breaking down a topic for understanding.
The best synonym will depend on the specific context and the tone you want to convey.