Here's a breakdown of the different ways the present tense is used:
1. Present Simple:
* Ongoing actions: *She walks to work every day.*
* Habits and routines: *I drink coffee every morning.*
* Facts and general truths: *The sun rises in the east.*
* Instructions and commands: *Close the door.*
* Present actions: *I see a bird flying.*
2. Present Continuous:
* Actions happening now: *The children are playing in the garden.*
* Temporary actions: *I am living in Paris for a year.*
* Changing situations: *The weather is getting colder.*
* Planned future actions: *We are meeting for dinner tonight.*
3. Present Perfect:
* Actions that started in the past and continue to the present: *I have lived in this city for ten years.*
* Actions completed recently: *I have just finished my homework.*
* Experiences: *I have traveled to many countries.*
4. Present Perfect Continuous:
* Actions that started in the past and are still happening: *It has been raining all day.*
* Actions that have been happening recently: *I have been working on this project all week.*
Remember that the present tense can express different meanings depending on the context and the specific verb used.