"Should have" (ആയിരിക്കണം/ ആയിരുന്നു)
* Meaning: Indicates an action that was recommended, expected, or desirable in the past, but didn't happen. It implies a sense of regret or disappointment.
* Example:
* "നിനക്ക് പരീക്ഷയ്ക്ക് പഠിക്കേണ്ടതായിരുന്നു" (ninakku pareekshaykku pathikkendaayiirunnu) - You should have studied for the exam.
"Must" (വേണം/ വേണ്ടത്)
* Meaning: Indicates a strong necessity or obligation, either in the present or past.
* Example:
* "നിങ്ങൾ ഇപ്പോൾ വീട്ടിൽ പോകണം" (ningal ippoൾ veettil pookanam) - You must go home now.
* "അവൻ പണി ചെയ്യേണ്ടത്" (avan pani cheyyendaat) - He must do the work.
Key Differences:
* Obligation: "Must" expresses a stronger obligation than "should have." It's essential or required, whereas "should have" is more of a recommendation or expectation.
* Regret: "Should have" often implies a sense of regret or disappointment that something didn't happen, while "must" doesn't necessarily convey regret.
Here are more examples to illustrate the difference:
* "Should have":
* "നീ അവനോട് ക്ഷമ ചോദിക്കേണ്ടതായിരുന്നു" (nee avanod kshama chodikendaayiirunnu) - You should have apologized to him. (You didn't, and now there might be consequences.)
* "Must":
* "നീ നാളെ കോളേജിൽ പോകണം" (nee naale collegeil pookanam) - You must go to college tomorrow. (It's a requirement, not just a suggestion.)
Let me know if you'd like more examples or have any further questions.