1. Nominative Case: This is the basic form of a noun, used when it is the subject of a verb.
* Example: The cat sat on the mat. ("Cat" is the subject of the verb "sat")
2. Possessive Case: This case shows ownership or possession. It's usually formed by adding an apostrophe and an "s" to the noun.
* Example: The cat's tail is long. ("Cat's" shows possession of the tail)
While English doesn't have other distinct cases like some other languages, we use prepositions and word order to convey similar information. For instance, we don't have a separate "accusative" case, but we use word order to indicate the object of a verb.
* The dog chased the cat. ("Cat" is the object of the verb "chased")
It's important to note that some linguists argue for a third case in English, the vocative case, which is used when directly addressing someone. This case, however, doesn't have a distinct form like the possessive. It's typically just the base form of the noun.
* Example: John, come here!